Magnetic Susceptibility Test of Complexes

Alfa Chemistry can provide testing services for magnetic susceptibility of coordination complexes. Magnetic susceptibility is a measure of the how magnetized a material becomes when it is exposed to an external magnetic field. Based on their magnetic properties, all substances can be classified into one of three groups, those attracted by an externally applied magnetic field and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field, known as paramagnetic. In contrast with this behavior, diamagnetic materials are repelled by magnetic fields and form induced magnetic fields in the direction opposite to that of the applied magnetic field. The last group is ferromagnetism, it refers to the magnetic state of a material that has spontaneous magnetization. Unlike the ferromagnets, the magnetic properties of the diamagnetic or paramagnetic materials may only be observed and measured when they are held within a magnetic field applied externally.

Importance of Test

In many cases, magnetic susceptibility provides a direct, non-destructive, and non-invasive test of properties that can directly indicate of the character of electron spins inside the atoms or molecules comprising the materials. And magnetic property is one of the important properties of coordination complexes that provide information about their electronic structure and have wide-ranging applications the range from data storage in electronic devices and cell phones to refrigeration.

Alfa Chemistry has global testing abilities based on our comprehensive technical platforms, professional R&D team and high-quality of our results, we provide advanced research and testing expertise to magnetic susceptibility test of complexes.

Our Test Methods

We perform a number of approaches in the measurement of magnetic susceptibility of coordination complexes, including Faraday's method, Guoy's method, inductive method, (superconducting quantum interference device) SQUID magnetometer, MIR methods and so on^[1].

• Faraday's method: The Faraday's method (Fig. 1(a)) is suitable for susceptibility measurement of a small specimen made from paramagnetic, diamagnetic or even ferromagnetic materials.

Fig.1 Principle draft of (a) Faraday's scale and (b) Gouy's scale used for susceptibility measurement.

• Guoy's method: This method uses slightly modified principle compared to Faraday's scale. Homogenous magnetic field is used instead of the gradient one (Fig. 1(b)). The Gouy balance measures the apparent change in the mass of the sample as it is repelled or attracted by the region of high magnetic field between the poles.
• Inductive method: Induction method is based on change of coil inductance invoked by embedded specimen. Unbalanced bridge of two identical coils powered by stable harmonic current generator is used, where one coil has reference yoke and specimen is inserted into the second one.
• SQUID magnetometer: The superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) can be used as an extremely sensitive detector of magnetic flux. It consists of two parallel Josephson junctions — Fig.2. The great sensitivity of the SQUID devices is associated with measuring changes in magnetic field related to one flux quantum.

Fig.2 Principle of SQUID magnetometer.

• MIR methods: MRI susceptibility measurement method which utilizes a resonant frequency discontinuity at the interface between two materials, each having an observable MR signal.

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Need magnetic susceptibility test requirements for coordination complexes? Alfa Chemistry will help you solve your any analytical needs, whilst providing a fast turnaround time and very competitive rates. Please do not hesitate to contact us for understanding more detailed information about our analytical services, we will answer you as soon as possible.

Reference

• Marcon P.; et al. Overview of methods for magnetic susceptibility measurement[J]. Proceedings of progress in electromagnetics research symposium, 2012, 421, 27-30.